We use atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a very efficient tool for studying technical surfaces in the nanometer range. In this way, for example, very thin optical coating layers for pair of glasses have been examined in order to improve adhesion and wear resistance. Even the finest filter membranes of hemodialysis dialyzers were measured with AFM. This technique can be used to analyze the surfaces of nearly all materials in many ways and modify them locally. Structures in the nanometer become more and more important in most of our areas of life.
Picture 1: AFM Image of a superpolished eye glass (1x1x0.04 um) The structure height is 1000 times smaller than a human hair.